Advances in the Discovery of Novel Antimicrobial Agents Nature and Their Applications

Antimicrobial resistance has become one of the most pressing global challenges, threatening both public health and the sustainability of food and medical systems. In the search for new solutions, increasing attention is being directed toward nature as a source of diverse bioactive compounds that may provide effective and safe alternatives to conventional antibiotics.This Special Issue of Antibiotics focuses on the discovery, characterization, and application of novel natural antimicrobial agents. It highlights studies investigating plant extracts, essential oils, microbial metabolites, and compounds derived from marine organisms, with particular emphasis on understanding their mechanisms of action, from the inhibition of virulence factors to the development of nano formulations and biotechnological delivery systems.Equally important are studies that link natural antimicrobials with practical applications in medicine, food preservation, environmental protection, and the conservation of cultural heritage. Together, these contributions demonstrate that sustainable solutions for combating infections can still be found in nature, supported by modern scientific insight and technological innovation.