Advancing High Quality and Equitable Development of Compulsory Education in the People's Republic China: Principles International Practices

Drawing on international best practices and empirical analysis, this publication examines how the People's Republic of China (PRC) can advance high-quality and equitable compulsory education. It explores institutional models to help address urban-rural and regional disparities. The publication highlights the significant achievements the PRC has made in expanding access and improving quality, while also addressing persistent challenges such as urban-rural disparities and uneven resource allocation. It offers actionable policy recommendations to further enhance equity, efficiency, and guarantee in compulsory education. It also provides a road map for policymakers and practitioners seeking to ensure that every child in the PRC can benefit from a modern, inclusive, and effective education system that supports both national development and individual opportunity.