American Hegemony and the Global Political Economy: Energy, Sanctions, International Security

American Hegemony and the Global Political Economy: Energy, Sanctions, and International Security analyzes how the United States exercises economic, strategic, and institutional power to shape the contemporary global order. It traces the historical evolution of U.S. dominance through the creation of global financial institutions, trade systems, and security alliances that reinforced its hegemonic position. The book places particular emphasis on energy geopolitics, examining how control over oil and gas flows serves as a critical instrument of American strategic influence. Through case studies of Iran and Venezuela, the study demonstrates how sanctions, military posturing, and control of key energy routes-especially the Strait of Hormuz-affect global markets and international security. These examples highlight the deep interconnection between energy systems, political strategy, and economic governance. The book also explores emerging challenges to U.S. hegemony, including China's rise, regional alliances, and alternative financial systems, pointing toward a possible multipolar order. Overall, it offers an interdisciplinary framework for understanding how American power is exercised.