Bone Grafts in Periodontology and Oral Implantology: Principles, Techniques Clinical Applications

Bone grafts play a vital role in periodontology and oral implantology by promoting the regeneration of lost alveolar bone and supporting functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. In periodontology, bone grafting is used to treat intrabony defects, furcation involvement, and ridge deformities caused by periodontal disease, helping to restore periodontal support and improve tooth prognosis. In oral implantology, bone grafts are essential for ridge augmentation, sinus lift procedures, and socket preservation to ensure adequate bone volume and quality for successful implant placement. Various graft materials, including autografts, allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts, are selected based on defect type and clinical requirements. With advancements in regenerative techniques and biomaterials, bone grafting has become a predictable and indispensable component of modern periodontal and implant therapy.