Construction and repair of above ground underground gas oil pipeline crossings

Above-ground gas and oil pipeline crossings over rivers, gorges, ravines, and underground crossings over roads and railways are among the most dangerous, complex, and expensive components of the linear section, requiring a special approach to their construction, maintenance, and repair. The book provides design diagrams of above-ground gas and oil pipeline crossings, crossings over motorways and railways, and systematically covers the organisation and technology of their construction, maintenance and repair. It examines the main defects, damage, and violations that arise during the operation of above-ground gas and oil pipeline crossings and underground crossings over roads and railways, and describes methods for determining the actual technical condition of such facilities. The book may be useful for specialists involved in the design, construction, maintenance, and repair of gas and oil pipelines, scientific research, students, and graduate students.