conventional VERSUS NEW biomimetic SEALERS: A comparison of and root canal sealers in contemporary endodontic practice

Root canal sealers play a crucial role in achieving a three-dimensional seal of the root canal system and ensuring long-term success of endodontic treatment. Conventional sealers, including zinc oxide-eugenol, calcium hydroxide, glass ionomer, and resin-based sealers, have been widely used because of their acceptable sealing ability and handling characteristics. However, the emergence of biomimetic sealers has introduced a new paradigm in endodontics by promoting bioactivity, biocompatibility, and regenerative potential. These materials are designed to interact favorably with dentin and periapical tissues, facilitating healing and tissue repair. This narrative review aims to compare conventional and new biomimetic sealers with respect to their composition, physicochemical properties, biological behavior, clinical performance, advantages, limitations, and future prospects in contemporary endodontic practice.