Exosome Research Biochemistry, Biomarkers and Perspectives in Therapy: Therapy

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with specific morphology and diameter that are secreted by cells from multivesicular bodies. Exosomes have specific proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules that distinguish them from other extracellular vesicles. These proteins, nucleic acids, and other molecules can serve as diagnostic markers for various diseases, particularly cancer. Natural exosomes are unique and universal vehicles for delivering therapeutic molecules, including targeted therapies for various diseases. Of particular importance are exosomes isolated from sources such as mesenchymal cell cultures and, for example, milk. Currently, no single, universal method has been proposed for isolating exosomes; methods and combinations of methods are widely used. In this book, we discuss the latest research on natural exosomes, their use for the delivery of therapeutics, methods for isolating exosomes, and their use as disease markers for early diagnosis and personalised medicine.