Gastraphetes

Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. The gastraphetes (from Ancient Greek ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿, English translation: "belly-bow") was a hand-held crossbow used by the Ancient Greeks. It was described in the first century AD by the Greek author Heron of Alexandria in his work Belopoeica, which draws on an earlier account of the famous Greek engineer Ctesibius (fl. 285-222 BC). Heron identifies the gastraphetes as the forerunner of the later catapult, which places its invention some unknown time prior to 420 BC. Unlike later Roman and medieval crossbows, spanning the weapon was not done by pulling up the string, but by pushing down an elaborate slider mechanism. A fairly detailed description and drawing of the gastraphetes appears in Heron's "Belopoeica" (Ancient Greek "¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿", English translation: "On Catapult-making"), drawn from the account by the 3rd century BC engineer Ctesibius. The weapon was powered by a composite bow. It was cocked by resting the stomach in a concavity at the rear of the stock and pressing down with all strength. In this way considerably more energy can be summoned up than by using only one arm of the archer as in the hand-bow.