Historical and geopolitical context of oil leadership: Multinationals in the Great Lakes countries: analysis dependence eastern DRC on East African corridors

The historical and geopolitical context of the eastern part of the DRC really crystallized in 1994, a pivotal year marked by the Rwandan genocide and the collapse of the Mobutu regime.During this period, the massive arrival of refugees, often heavily armed, destabilized the local order and weakened Congolese state structures. the 1994-2024 period saw the emergence of an eastern region of the DRC that was both dependent and strategic: dependent on the flow of hydrocarbons essential to its day-to-day functioning, and strategic for all players who saw it as a means of political pressure and economic gain.The so-called "corridors of peace" have often turned out to be "arteries of predation", combining state interests, failing state logics and the stranglehold of oil multinationals.As the era of major continental projects - the Lamu-South Sudan pipeline, the cross-border digital corridor, sustainable corridors financed by international institutions - dawns, Sekimonyo asks: will the region's states finally be able to combine security, transparent regulation and socio-economic development?