Hydrogen Natural Gas Mixtures in Energy Transmission Systems: Theory, Modeling, and Applications

Hydrogen-Natural Gas (H-NG) Mixtures in Energy Systems. This study evaluates hydrogen as a vital energy carrier for global decarbonization. Given the high cost of dedicated infrastructure, blending hydrogen into existing natural gas pipelines (H-NG) is a pragmatic, cost-effective solution for large-scale transmission. The research compares various storage modes (high-pressure, cryogenic, metal hydrides, and underground caverns) and identifies pipelines as the most economical method for bulk transport. Key technical findings suggest that hydrogen concentrations of 10-20% by volume are feasible within current networks without major modifications to end-use appliances. However, the study highlights critical challenges, including material embrittlement, increased flammability risks, and a reduction in the Wobbe Index. The paper also provides a theoretical framework using Equations of State (EOS) to model changes in gas compressibility ($Z$) and flow behavior. Ultimately, H-NG blending leverages existing infrastructure to bridge the gap toward a hydrogen-based economy, provided that rigorous safety standards and material compatibility assessments are maintained.

Pagina's: 64, Paperback, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing