IAEA Human Health Series- Clinical Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Systems in Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy

A practical roadmap guides clinically qualified medical physicists in integrating imaging-based AI into clinical workflows. It details each phase—from assessing needs and system selection to commissioning, quality management, and decommissioning—while offering insights applicable to a wide range of clinical AI challenges. Artificial intelligence (AI) has significant potential to impact processes in science and technology, including in the area of human health. While bringing potential benefits to healthcare, the application of AI systems also introduces new challenges and potential risks. This publication is aimed at clinically qualified medical physicists, who are health professionals uniquely positioned to bridge the gap between complex AI systems and practical clinical applications. It provides comprehensive guidance for the clinical implementation of imaging based AI systems in medical imaging and radiotherapy, addressing the entire process, from the initial assessment of needs through selection, commissioning, ongoing (quality) management and eventual decommissioning. Although the primary focus is on imaging based AI systems, the guidance provided in this publication is broadly applicable to non-imaging based AI systems as well.