Investigation and Analysis of Photovoltaic Panel Performance: A Experimental Study

The growing demand for energy, coupled with the limitations and environmental impact of fossil fuels, has accelerated the global shift toward renewable sources. Among these, solar energy is one of the most promising, as it is abundant, inexhaustible, and clean. India, as a developing country, faces rapidly increasing energy requirements, making the adoption of renewable sources particularly urgent. Solar energy is especially favorable since it is available throughout the year, though its effectiveness depends on geographic location and the performance of solar devices such as photovoltaic (PV) panels. For solar technology to be viable, it must be cost-effective, highly absorptive, and easily accessible. A key factor influencing PV performance is dust accumulation, which reduces solar radiation absorption and lowers efficiency. To analyze this, a micro-level experimental study was conducted on photovoltaic panels during January, February, and March 2021. The study highlights the significant impact of dust on panel efficiency and suggests measures to enhance plant performance, thereby supporting the broader goal of meeting energy needs through renewable sources.