Metformin as an intracanal medicament: A Paradigm Shift in Treating Apical Periodontitis

Metformin as an Intracanal Medicament: A Paradigm Shift in Treating Apical Periodontitis provides an in-depth and evidence-based analysis of metformin as a novel and biologically active intracanal medicament in modern endodontic therapy. While traditionally prescribed as a first-line oral antidiabetic agent, metformin has emerged as a drug with multifaceted biological properties that extend far beyond glycemic control. Recent research has demonstrated its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and osteogenic effects, making it a promising candidate for localized application in the management of apical periodontitis.The book comprehensively explores the pharmacological profile of metformin, emphasizing its mechanisms of action relevant to endodontic pathology. Metformin's ability to modulate inflammatory pathways, suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines, and activate adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is discussed in detail, highlighting its role in controlling periapical inflammation. Additionally, the text examines metformin's antimicrobial activity against endodontic pathogens and its potential to disrupt biofilm formation within the root canal.