Perception and Awareness Towards Dental Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence has revolutionized orthodontics. It has been employed for facial analysis, estimating the maturation level of cervical vertebrae, digitizing and tracing cephalometric landmarks with 90% accuracy, and predicting orthodontic outcomes. (Hanenkrath et al., 2025). Orthodontic research has investigated AI implementation in many fields, such as extraction decision-making, airway analysis, assessing the need for orthognathic surgery, and estimating facial aesthetics after orthognathic surgery to enhance accuracy and avoid bias from less-experienced professionals. (Topol, 2019; Khanagar et al., 2021a; Lin et al., 2023). This research constitutes the first original study conducted in Iraq to explore the perception and attitudes toward implementing dental artificial intelligence among orthodontic specialists. A validated survey was developed. Content validation was conducted through a rigorous two-round process using Lawshe's method with the involvement of six orthodontic experts. Face validity was evaluated using the percent agreement and Cohen's kappa statistics to assess inter-rater reliability, with two orthodontic experts involved in this evaluation.