Principles of Applied Geophysics

This book gives a comprehensive and authoritative survey of modern geophysical methods used in prospecting for natural resources, and in civil engineering, geohydrological, and environmental investigation. This volume aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the geophysical methods used in the search for a variety of subsurface features. This edition includes a chapter on ground-penetrating-radar (GPR) and its applications, as well as increased coverage of topics like dielectric permittivity, near and far zones of the electromagnetic field, reflection and refraction. Other topics covered include: logical schemes for the complete determination of the parameters of thin and thick sheets from their magnetic anomalies and those of a thin sheet from its self-potential anomaly; rapid practical procedures that can be set up on a PC for calculating VES curves; the Pekeris-Koefoed direct method of VES interpretation; Orellana's method of setimating the longitudinal conductance of a stratified Earth underlain by a finitely resistive substratum; design principles for electromagnetic low-frequency sensors; the mean-minus-T method in refraction seismics; and geometrical probability considerations in optimun line spacing. The emphasis throughout the text is on physical examinations and practical applications, and algebraic details have been kept to a minimum.