Ruderal Flora and Vegetation of the Fergana Valley

The process of synanthropization in vegetation cover is widespread due to the intensification of human economic impacts on nature. An extreme manifestation of synanthropization processes is the increase in diversity and the expansion of areas occupied by ruderal vegetation. Interest in ruderal communities is also linked to the significant role they play in the restoration of ecosystems disturbed by human activity. Ruderal plants and their communities in Uzbekistan, including those in the Fergana Valley, have not been specifically studied. Modern ruderal vegetation is a type of secondary community of hemeroophytes in the early stages of succession on artificial ecotopes, concentrated within the boundaries of residential (and industrial) anthropogenic ecosystems, which are best adapted to living under conditions of anthropogenic stress. This is facilitated by the ruderal life strategy, which is typical of species found in ruderal phytocenoses. One of the main forms of anthropogenic impact on nature is urbanization. It leads to the transformation of vegetation and flora over large areas. Therefore, the study of urban flora has now become one of the most actively developing fields of botany worldwide.