Sperm capacitation is the process by which sperm acquire the ability to fertilize an egg as they travel through the female reproductive tract, since mammalian sperm do not possess this ability immediately after ejaculation, even though they are motile and appear to have normal morphology. Specific inducers such as heparin and calcium ionophores are used to induce this physiological process. Consequently, with the advent of biotechnologies, studies using photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been employed to elicit various physiological responses in somatic and germ cells. Thus, this study investigated the influence of photodynamic therapy and heparin on the induction of the bovine acrosomal reaction in vitro and the influence of the inducing agents (PDT and heparin) at their respective concentrations on in vitro embryo production.
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