Sustainable Future

Renewable energy refers to naturally replenishing sources such as sunlight, wind, and water, which are not depleted over time. These sources are increasingly used to generate electricity, heat water, provide cooling, and support transportation. Unlike fossil fuels, which take millions of years to form and exist in limited supply, renewable energy offers a sustainable alternative for long-term energy needs. According to the 2016 REN21 report, global renewable energy consumption grew by 19.2% in 2014 and 23.7% in 2015. In 2015 alone, investments in sustainable energy reached $286 billion, focusing on biofuels, solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. This book explores the role of renewable energy and hydrogen as critical drivers in shaping a sustainable future. It examines their scientific foundations, key infrastructures, technologies, and real-world applications, while also presenting a forward-looking perspective on the global energy transition and its strategic roadmap.