Sustainable Green Remediation of Petroleum Agro Ecosystems:: CONCEPTUAL MODELS INTEGRATING HYPERACCUMULATOR PLANTS AND VERMICOMPOST

This monograph reconceptualises the restoration of petroleum-impacted agro-ecosystems as a multi-phasic, engineered ecological process. It introduces the Sustainable Green Remediation (SGR) framework, an integrated biotechnology leveraging synergistic interactions between hyperaccumulator plants, vermicompost, and constructed wetlands. Key to this is the Vermi-Phyto Synergy Model, elucidating how Eisenia fetida catalyzes contaminant bioavailability for a tri-species plant consortium (Cyperus odoratus, Colocasia esculenta, Phoenix roebelenii) to maximize phytoextraction and rhizodegradation.Through 15 conceptual models, the research validates that biological complexity drives remediation. Empirical data demonstrate 99.99% attenuation of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) and near-total sequestration of toxic elements. Beyond diagnostics, the book aligns SGR with UN SDGs (2, 6, 13, 15) via a circular framework for biomass valorization, providing a scalable blueprint for ecological justice in the Niger Delta and beyond.