The Invisible Network

The book analyzes the evolution of globalization from the Silk Roads to the current wave of reglobalization. Chapter I explains the fundamentals: Bretton Woods, the ICT revolution, intermodal containers, and global value chains. Hyperglobalization (1989-2020) integrated China and emerging economies but generated inequalities. Chapter II highlights the paradox: Milanovic's Elephant Curve reveals winners (Asia, the global top 1%) and losers (the Western middle class). Deindustrialization, Rodrik's trilemma, Brexit, Trump, and the 2008-2020 crisis sparked a backlash against neoliberalism. Chapter III describes reglobalization: from "just-in-time" to "just-in-case." Nearshoring in Mexico, friendshoring, the European CBAM, ESG criteria, de-dollarization with BRICS+, artificial intelligence, and cybersecurity. Conclusion: Globalization is not inevitable; the new era prioritizes resilience, sustainability, and sovereignty over pure efficiency.