the Krampus and Old, Dark Christmas

The dark folklore behind Krampus, St. Nicholas, and the winter traditions that survived beneath Christmas. The Krampus and the Old, Dark Christmas by Al Ridenour explores the shadow side of the winter holidays, tracing the folklore, rituals, and seasonal customs that predate and coexist with modern Christmas. Moving from Alpine Krampus runs and masked parades to wassailing, mumming, and other pre-Christian winter traditions, Ridenour uncovers a seasonal world filled with devils, spirits, and symbolic reversals of social order. Blending cultural history, folklore research, and contemporary fieldwork, the book examines how figures like Krampus, Perchta, and other winter spirits evolved over centuries—and why they continue to resonate today. Ridenour documents the revival of these traditions across Europe and North America, placing them within a broader history of winter festivals, public spectacle, and communal ritual. Richly illustrated and grounded in both scholarship and firsthand observation, the book offers a detailed look at how the “old dark Christmas” persists beneath modern holiday culture. An essential seasonal title for readers of folklore, European history, Christmas traditions, and contemporary festival culture. Ridenour's A Season of Madness: Fools, Monsters, and Marvels, of the Old-World Carnival (2025) explores the winter festivals and celebrations that begin after Christmas. “Delightfully informative and beautifully illustrated…a must for anyone curious about the darker side of the holidays.” — Publishers Weekly “A lively tour through the strange and ancient roots of Christmas.” — Los Angeles Review of Books “Engaging and meticulously researched.” — Atlas Obscura “Perfect for readers who like their holiday traditions with a little mischief.” — Boing Boing