THE SUGAR TRAIL: HOW BREAKFAST BUILT TRANSATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE

Nobody ever needed it. For the whole of human existence before the sixteenth century, our species got along on honey, fruit, and the occasional raided hive, and no one recorded the deprivation. Then, in the space of a few generations, a substance with no nutritional argument in its favor became the single most valuable commodity crossing the Atlantic Ocean, and the largest forced migration in recorded history was organized to supply it. The crop was not cotton. It was dessert. THE SUGAR TRAIL tells the story of how an appetite became an industry, and then an infrastructure, and then a thing that decent people defended because they could no longer imagine a morning without it. It follows sugar from the apothecary's scale to the weaver's teacup, and coffee from a Yemeni monopoly to a stolen seedling to an empire. It shows why the fatal moment was not aristocratic luxury but the arrival of cheap pleasure for the poor, and why an ocean turned out to be exactly the distance at which human sympathy stops working. This is not a book about villains. It is a book about a machine assembled out of respectable parts, in which the planter was a manager, the captain a logistician, the underwriter an actuary, and the customer merely somebody having breakfast. It is also, in its final third, a book about repair: about what actually ended the traffic, which was not moral awakening, not abstinence, and not the invention of a better sweetener, but a slow and unglamorous re-plumbing of the world. And about the uncomfortable fact that the machine was never dismantled. It was relocated. >Sugar, Slavery, History, Economics, Empire, Ethics, Consumption