Theory and Application of Truss Topology Optimization

Truss structures, characterized by light self-weight, relatively low cost, and simple construction, are widely used in engineering. Their applications span a variety of fields, including engineering machinery, bridge design, construction support systems, building structures, hydraulic aqueducts, gate supports, power transmission grids, and many other areas, playing an increasingly vital role in engineering construction. Taking space cameras as an example, the structures between the primary and secondary mirrors in large and medium-sized space optical cameras abroad predominantly adopt truss configurations. Their design philosophy is based on the structural optimization principle where variable components subjected to bending loads are treated as tension-compression loads. This approach offers advantages such as high specific stiffness, light weight, and suitability for long-focal-length optical system layouts. Furthermore, truss structures are also applied in aerospace structural designs for aircraft, satellites, and space stations, demonstrating broad application potential.