UNDERGROUND ECONOMY: THEORY, UZBEKISTAN CONTEXT and SOLUTIONS: Nature, Scale Policy Responses to the Shadow Economy

This monograph explores the theoretical foundations, historical evolution, and specific characteristics of the underground economy, with a special focus on Uzbekistan. It analyzes the global scale of shadow economic activities, their manifestations, and the negative consequences for economic growth, state revenues, and social justice. Particular attention is given to the current situation in Uzbekistan, where measures have been taken to reduce hidden economic activities through tax reforms, digitalization, and strengthening institutional frameworks. The book also highlights government policies, including recent presidential decrees, aimed at combating informal practices and fostering economic transparency. By combining theoretical insights with practical examples, the study provides valuable recommendations for further minimizing the shadow economy and ensuring sustainable development in Uzbekistan.