Yesterday's Monsters

“An underappreciated contributor to mass incarceration has been the politicizing of the parole process, particularly for violent offenses. Through an insightful analysis of the Manson Family experience, Hadar Aviram illuminates how these high-profile cases helped institutionalize a system of extreme, often counterproductive, punishments that have transformed our conception of parole.”—Marc Mauer, executive director of the Sentencing Project “Filling an enormous vacuum in the literature, Aviram draws on fifty years of transcripts showcasing the Board of Parole Hearings’ interviews of the Manson Family members. Her book lucidly conveys how the magnitude of their crimes functioned as a crucial catalyst for statutory changes that measurably harshened criminal penalties while narrowing the prospects for parole release in the ensuing decades.”—Edward E. Rhine, Robina Institute of Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, University of Minnesota Law School “ Yesterday’s Monsters is three remarkable books at once: a compelling work of late twentieth-century social history, a sober and scholarly analysis of the flaws in our parole system, and an enlightened program for sensible reform.”—Robert Weisberg, Professor of Law, Stanford University In 1969, the world was shocked by a series of murders committed by Charles Manson and his “family” of followers. Although the defendants were sentenced to death in 1971, their sentences were commuted to life with parole in 1972; since 1978, they have been regularly attending parole hearings. Today all of the living defendants remain behind bars. Relying on nearly fifty years of parole hearing transcripts, as well as interviews and archival materials, Hadar Aviram invites readers into the opaque world of the California parole process—a realm of almost unfettered administrative discretion, prison programming inadequacies, high-pitched emotions, and political pressures. Yesterday’s Monsters offers a fresh longitudinal perspective on extreme punishment.