Family Farming in the Sub-Saharan Region: Challenges, Transformations, and Prospects Thiès Region (Senegal)

Family farming in Senegal is a pillar of the economy and food security, but it is undergoing profound changes. This study examines production dynamics, farming practices, and adaptation strategies in the Thiès region, which is characterized by intense agricultural activity and rapid urbanization. The survey, conducted from September to November 2022 among several hundred farmers in Tivaouane, Thiès, and Mbour, combines standardized questionnaires and qualitative interviews to analyze sociodemographic characteristics, access to inputs and seeds, farming practices, and land tenure dynamics. The results show that farms are predominantly small, rain-fed, and run by heads of household with low levels of education. Multiple sources of income and crop diversification are essential for resilience. Urbanization, land conflicts, and soil degradation affect productivity and incomes. Sustainability requires integrated policies that include land tenure security, access to inputs and credit, and technical capacity building.